How to Change a Submersible Well Pump A Step-by-Step Guide

Submersible well pumps are essential for drawing water from deep underground sources, making them invaluable for rural homes, farms, and irrigation systems. Over time, these pumps may fail due to wear and tear, electrical issues, or blockages. Changing a submersible well pump may seem daunting, but with the right tools and guidance, it can be done safely and effectively. This article will walk you through the process of changing a submersible well pump step by step.

Step 1 Safety First

Before you begin, prioritize safety. Ensure you have the right personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and sturdy footwear. It's also essential to turn off the power supply to the well pump at the circuit breaker to avoid any electrical hazards during the process.

Step 2 Remove the Pump

1. Locate the Well Head The well head is usually a circular structure above ground, with a protective cover. Remove this cover carefully to access the well.

2. Disconnect the Electrical Wiring Identify the electrical junction box connected to the pump. Use a screwdriver to remove the cover and then disconnect the wires. Remember the configuration or take a photo for reference when reconnecting.

3. Remove the Discharge Pipe The discharge pipe is the pipe that carries water from the pump to your home. Use a wrench to loosen the fittings and gently detach the pipe from the pump. Be prepared for some water spillage.

4. Extract the Pump Most submersible pumps are connected to a length of drop pipe. You will need a pulling system (such as a well pump puller) to safely retrieve the pump from the well. Attach the pulling system securely to the pump and begin lifting it out slowly. Be mindful of the weight of the pump; you may need assistance for this part.

Step 3 Inspect the Old Pump

Once the pump is out, inspect it for signs of wear, damage, or blockage. Check the impeller, motor, and housing. If the pump has burnt components or areas of corrosion, it is time to replace it. If there are minor issues, such as a clogged inlet screen, you may be able to clean and refurbish the existing pump rather than replace it.

1. Prepare the New Pump Before installation, ensure that your new submersible pump matches the specifications required for your well. Check the depth, horsepower, and capacity. Read the manufacturer’s instructions to familiarize yourself with the components.

2. Attach the Drop Pipe Connect the new pump to the drop pipe. Ensure all fittings are tight to prevent leaks once the system is operational.

3. Lower the Pump into the Well Use the well pump puller to lower the new pump carefully back into the well. Ensure that the pump is centered in the well and does not become tangled with any debris.

4. Reconnect the Discharge Pipe Once the new pump is in place, reattach the discharge pipe to the pump using a wrench. Make sure it is securely fastened to prevent any water leaks.

5. Reconnect Electrical Wires Follow the reference photo or diagram you created before disconnecting the old pump to reconnect the electrical wires. Ensure connections are tight and properly insulated to prevent electrical shorts.

Step 5 Test the Pump

1. Restore Power Once everything is reassembled, turn the power back on at the circuit breaker. 2. Check for Leaks Watch for any leaks around the discharge pipe and connections. Tighten any fittings if necessary. 3. Monitor Performance Let the pump run for a while and check its performance. Ensure that water flows adequately and that there are no unusual sounds indicating a malfunction.

Conclusion

Changing a submersible well pump is a task that requires careful planning and execution. By following these steps, you can effectively replace your well pump and restore water access to your home or property. While the process is manageable for those with some mechanical skill, don't hesitate to contact a professional if you're uncertain or uncomfortable handling the job. With a new pump in place, you'll be back to enjoying a reliable water supply in no time.